Determination of ultimate pit limit, and sequence of blocks extraction through the mine life is referred as mine design and planning. The aim of mine design and planning is to develop a yearly extraction plan which guides the mining operation to the highest Net Present Value (NPV). Future mines are going to be giant mines that exploit low grade material. Protecting the environment and its
09.01.2016· Scrapers are sometimes used in special situations. Large bucket-wheel excavators of the kind used in European coal mines have not been applied to metal mining, because this equipment is best adapted to softer bedded, relatively flat-lying strata. Many factors govern the size and shape of an open pit. These must be properly understood and used in the planning of any open pit operation. The following are the key items affecting the pit design:
Open-pit mining, also known as open-cast or open cut mining, is a surface mining technique of extracting rock or minerals from the earth by their removal from an open-air pit, sometimes known as a borrow. This form of mining differs from extractive methods that require tunnelling into the earth, such as long wall mining. Open-pit mines are used when deposits of commercially useful ore or rocks are
Open Pit Mining, Excavation Design, Bench Design, Slope Stability, Factor Of Safety, Failure Criteria, Rock Reinforcement, Rock design of the slopes is one of the major challenges at every stage. Prices / Quote. Pebble Mine Wikipedia. A report released by Northern Dynasty in 2011 predicted profits for mine owners from a largescale openpit mine at Pebble, given appropriate assumptions about
The steps of an open pit mine design can be classified in categories and subcategories. In general you have: 1) the mineral resources estimation (among with the creation of a digital block model of...
Open Pit Mine Planning and Design is an excellent textbook for courses in surface mine design, open pit design, geological and excavation engineering, and in advanced open pit mine planning and design. The principles described apply worldwide. In addition, the work can be used as a practical reference by professionals. The step-by-step approach
Open-Pit Mine Planning and Design Presented by the Department of Mining Engineering, University of Pretoria. enterprises.up.ac.za For quotations on in-house training, email [email protected] +27 (0)12 434 2500 +27 (0)12 434 2505 [email protected] Private Bag X41, Hatfield, 0028 Shifting knowledge to insight Open-Pit Mine Planning and Design Presented
A good open slope design is one that integrates all of these factors to produce a balanced compromise between safety, on the one hand, and operational and economic efficiency on the other. The quality of the geological and groundwater models and of the geotechnical information available
The definition of a open pit mine is "an excavation or cut made at the surface of the ground for the purpose of extracting ore and which is open to the surface for the duration of the mine’s life." To expose and mine the ore, it is generally necessary to excavate and relocate large quantities of waste rock. The main objective in any commercial mining operation is the exploitation of the mineral deposit at the
Open-pit mine: Chuquicamata copper mine, Región de Antofagas ta, Chile Locality : Región de Ant ofagasta, C hile. Pit dimensions : 4.3 km long x 3 km wide x 850 m deep.
The formation of an appropriate open pit slope design, changes throughout the life of a mine. It is based mainly on an ever increasing understanding of the rock mass conditions. Which includes groundwater and associated pressures that may be acting within the slopes. The reduction of groundwater related to pore pressures is a crucial aspect of determining whether or not a geotechnical engineering design for
Traditionally, the optimization of open pit mine design consists primarily of defining the “ultimate pit limits” which, in their turn, define what will eventually be removed from the ground, and dividing up the pit into manageable volumes of materials often referred to as pushbacks, cutbacks, or phases.
Considering the importance of stakes, the slope design in open pit mines must be based on a well-controlled methodology, especially since experience shows that each rock mass characterized by its geological structures is unique, and therefore there are no standard recipes
Volume 1 deals with the fundamental concepts involved in the planning and design of open pit mines. Subjects covered are mine planning, mining revenues and costs, orebody description, geometrical considerations, pit limits, production planning, mineral resources and ore reserves, responsible mining, rock blasting, rotary drilling, shovel loading, haulage trucks and machine availability and utilization.
Title: Guidelines For Open Pit Slope Design Author: John Read,Peter Stacey, Publisher: CRC Press Pages: 510 Published: 2009-12-19 ISBN-10: 0415874416 John Read, Peter Stacey Guidelines for Open Pit Slope Design
The geological factors affecting mine design include the thickness, depth, and structure of the seam or seams to be worked; the strength, abrasiveness, and other mechanical properties of the coal and its roof and floor strata; and the location, orientation, and extent of any major breaks in seam continuity, such as faults, splits, washouts, or igneous intrusions. As well as detailed studies undertaken to identify and
Open pit mining • Open pit mining is the process of mining a near surface deposit by means of a surface pit excavated using horizontal benches. 5. The shape of the excavation or mine vary depending upon the size and shape mineral matter 6.
the mining operation. Design of the final pit limit is thus governed not only by the ore grade distribution and the production costs, but also by the overall rock mass strength and stability. The potential for failure must be assessed for given mining layouts and incorporated into the design of the ultimate pit.
In open pit mining, it is accepted to trade off some failures for steeper bench face angles, without compromising safety, since it is more economical to deal with regular clean-ups . than to have higher stripping ratios. This is generally referred to as a “managed” approach to slope design. A design reliability of 80% is generally accepted in open pit design, which means allowing 20% of
Design of Surface Mine Haulage Roads A Manual By Walter W. Kaufman and James C. Ault ABSTRACT This Bureau of Mines manual for design of surface mine haulage roads covers such aspects of haulage road design as road alignment (both vertical and horizontal), construction materials, cross slope, and drainage provisions. Traffic control and design of proper lane widths to promote safe
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